Who gets Nobel Prize in Physics?
The prize was awarded to scientists from Japan, Germany, and Italy.
Syukuro Manabe, 90, and Klaus Haselman, 89, are cited for their work on "physical modeling of Earth's climate, variability measurement and reliable prediction of global warming."
The second part of the Nobel prize was awarded to Giorgio Parisi, 73, for "discovering the interaction of chaos and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales."
The panel said Manabe and Haselman "laid the foundation for our knowledge of the Earth's climate and how humanity affects it.
Beginning in the 1960s, Manabe demonstrated how an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would increase global temperatures, laying the foundations for current climate models.
About a decade later, Haselman created a model that links weather and climate, which helps explain why climate models can be reliable despite the chaotic nature of weather.
He also developed methods for looking for specific signs of human influence on climate.
"Parisi built a deep physical and mathematical model" that enabled the understanding of complex systems in fields as diverse as mathematics, biology, neuroscience, and machine learning.
After the announcement, Parisi said it was "very urgent that we make solid decisions and move at a solid pace" tackling climate change.
"It is clear to future generations that we have to act now," he said.
Goran Hansson, Secretary-General of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, announced the winners on Tuesday.
During the following days, prizes will be presented for scientists' work in chemistry, literature, peace, and economics.
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